Gulf Menswear Glossary

A reference guide to Gulf menswear terminology, by Ashbiliya — a Gulf menswear house since 1970. It defines the kandura, thobe, dishdasha, ghutra, shemagh, egal, bisht, taqiyah and na’al with concise, accurate explanations.

Kandura

The traditional Gulf men’s robe — a long, loose garment worn daily and for occasions. Its details differ by country in collar, tassel and cut. Also called "thobe" or "dishdasha".

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Thobe

Another name for the kandura, common in Saudi Arabia. The Saudi thobe has a stand collar with two front buttons.

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Dishdasha

A name for the kandura common in Kuwait, Oman and parts of the Gulf. The Kuwaiti dishdasha is slimmer with a single-button collar.

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Ghutra

A square white headscarf worn with the egal — the everyday symbol of Gulf elegance. It comes in different weights and weaves for summer and occasions.

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Shemagh (Yashmagh)

A patterned headscarf available in white and red, worn with the egal. Often chosen for occasions and personal taste.

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Keffiyeh

A general name for the patterned headscarf of the Levant, similar in form to the shemagh. In the Gulf the terms "ghutra" and "shemagh" are more common.

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Egal

A black cord worn over the ghutra or shemagh to hold it on the head. An essential part of the Gulf look.

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Bisht

A formal cloak worn over the kandura at major occasions such as weddings and Eid prayer, marked by edge embroidery. Also called "mishlah".

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Mishlah

Another name for the bisht, common in parts of the Gulf. It is the formal cloak worn over the kandura.

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Taqiyah

A small cotton cap worn under the ghutra to hold it in place and absorb perspiration.

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Gahfiyah

A type of taqiyah, usually embroidered and more decorative, worn under the ghutra.

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Na'al

A traditional open Arabic sandal worn with the kandura, usually in genuine leather.

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